Lateinischer Name: Pleurotus ostreatus

Andere Namen: oyster mushroom (englisch), Austern-Seitling, Austernpilz (deutsch), Pleurote en huître (französisch).

Aktive Inhaltsstoffe: Polysaccharide (Beta-1,3- und -1,6-Glucan), Vitamine (Vitamin B1, B2, B5, B6, B7, B11 Folsäure, C, D2, K), Bioflavonoide, Mineralien (Selen, Zink, Bor, Jod), Aminosäuren, Proteine, ungesättigte Fettsäuren (Linolsäure), Fasern, Lovastatin.

Der Austernpilz verdankt seinen deutschen Namen der Tatsache, dass er in Form und Aussehen einer Auster ähnelt. Der Pilz wächst in Europa auch in freier Natur, doch die Pilze, die man im Supermarkt kaufen kann, werden gezüchtet. In der traditionellen asiatischen Medizin wird der Austernpilz seit Jahrhunderten verwendet, um den Cholesterinspiegel zu beeinflussen. Diese Anwendung ist nicht überraschend, da man als Inhaltsstoff Lovastatin fand – dieser gehört zu den Statinen, die auch in der regulären Medizin zur Senkung des Cholesterinspiegel verwendet werden.

Anwendung von Pleurotus ostreatus / Austernpilz in der TCM (Traditionelle Chinesische Medizin)

Wissenschaftliche Studien

Wissenschaftliche Forschung zum Austernpilz – 20 verfügbaren Referenzen

1. Bensky D, Clavey S, Stogër E, Gamble A. Ling Zhi. Chinese Herbal Medicine: Materia Medica. 3rd ed. Seattle: Eastland Press; 2004:933-935.
2. Bobek P, Ozdín L, Kuniak L. Effect of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus) and its ethanolic extract in diet on absorption and turnover of cholesterol in hypercholesterolemic rat. Nahrung. 1996 Aug;40(4):222-4. PMID: 8810086
3. Marzullo L, Cannio R, Giardina P, Santini MT, Sannia G. Veratryl alcohol oxidase from Pleurotus ostreatus participates in lignin biodegradation and prevents polymerization of laccase-oxidized substrates. J Biol Chem. 1995 Feb 24;270(8):3823-7. PMID: 7876125
4. Tomita T, Noguchi K, Mimuro H, Ukaji F, Ito K, Sugawara-Tomita N, Hashimoto Y. Pleurotolysin, a novel sphingomyelin-specific two-component cytolysin from the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus, assembles into a transmembrane pore complex. J Biol Chem. 2004 Jun 25;279(26):26975-82. PMID: 15084605
5. A Ajith T, K Janardhanan K. Indian medicinal mushrooms as a source of antioxidant and antitumor agents. J Clin Biochem Nutr. 2007 May;40(3):157-62. PMID: 18398492
6. Jose N, Ajith TA, Janardhanan KK. Methanol extract of the oyster mushroom, Pleurotus florida, inhibits inflammation and platelet aggregation. Phytother Res. 2004 Jan;18(1):43-6. PMID: 14750200
7. Martin KR. Both common and specialty mushrooms inhibit adhesion molecule expression and in vitro binding of monocytes to human aortic endothelial cells in a pro-inflammatory environment. Nutr J. 2010 Jul 16;9:29. PMID: 20637088
8. Jedinak A, Sliva D. Pleurotus ostreatus inhibits proliferation of human breast and colon cancer cells through p53-dependent as well as p53-independent pathway. Int J Oncol. 2008 Dec;33(6):1307-13. PMID: 19020765
9. Wang X, Zhang L. Physicochemical properties and antitumor activities for sulfated derivatives of lentinan. Carbohydr Res. 2009 Nov 2;344(16):2209-16. Epub 2009 Jul 30. PMID: 19733344
10. Chowdhury HH, Rebolj K, Kreft M, Zorec R, Macek P, Sepci? K. Lysophospholipids prevent binding of a cytolytic protein ostreolysin to cholesterol-enriched membrane domains. Toxicon. 2008 Jun 15;51(8):1345-56. Epub 2008 Mar 18. PMID: 18455213
11. Hossain S, Hashimoto M, Choudhury EK, Alam N, Hussain S, Hasan M, Choudhury SK, Mahmud I. Dietary mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) ameliorates atherogenic lipid in hypercholesterolaemic rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 2003 Jul;30(7):470-5. PMID: 12823261
12. Bobek P, Ozdín L, Galbavý S. Dose- and time-dependent hypocholesterolemic effect of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in rats. Nutrition. 1998 Mar;14(3):282-6. PMID: 9583372
13. Lavi I, Friesem D, Geresh S, Hadar Y, Schwartz B. An aqueous polysaccharide extract from the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus induces anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic effects on HT-29 colon cancer cells. Cancer Lett. 2006 Nov 28;244(1):61-70. Epub 2006 Jan 18. PMID: 16413114
14. Berne S, Sepci? K, Anderluh G, Turk T, Macek P, Poklar Ulrih N. Effect of pH on the pore forming activity and conformational stability of ostreolysin, a lipid raft-binding protein from the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus. Biochemistry. 2005 Aug 23;44(33):11137-47. PMID: 16101298
15. Sepci? K, Berne S, Rebolj K, Batista U, Plemenitas A, Sentjurc M, Macek P. Ostreolysin, a pore-forming protein from the oyster mushroom, interacts specifically with membrane cholesterol-rich lipid domains. FEBS Lett. 2004 Sep 24;575(1-3):81-5. PMID: 15388337
16. Shlyakhovenko V, Kosak V, Olishevsky S. Application of DNA from mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus for cancer biotherapy: a pilot study. Exp Oncol. 2006 Jun;28(2):132-5. PMID: 16837904
17. Sun Y, Liu J. Purification, structure and immunobiological activity of a water-soluble polysaccharide from the fruiting body of Pleurotus ostreatus. Bioresour Technol. 2009 Jan;100(2):983-6. Epub 2008 Jul 29. PMID: 18667302
18. Rovenský J, Stan?íkova M, Svík K, Bauerová K, Jur?ovi?ová J. The effects of ?-glucan isolated from Pleurotus ostreatus on methotrexate treatment in rats with adjuvant arthritis. Rheumatol Int. 2011 Apr;31(4):507-11. Epub 2009 Dec 23. PMID: 20033413
19. Selegean M, Putz MV, Rugea T. Effect of the polysaccharide extract from the edible mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus against infectious bursal disease virus. Int J Mol Sci. 2009 Aug 18;10(8):3616-34. PMID: 20111675
20. Sarangi I, Ghosh D, Bhutia SK, Mallick SK, Maiti TK. Anti-tumor and immunomodulating effects of Pleurotus ostreatus mycelia-derived proteoglycans. Int Immunopharmacol. 2006 Aug;6(8):1287-97. Epub 2006 May 9.PMID: 16782541